Not only is Canada's role in global warming
negligible, we are more likely to gain from it.
Vincent, L.A., X. Zhang, B.R. Bonsal and
W.D. Hogg, 2002: Homogenization of daily temperatures over Canada.
Journal of Climate, 15, 1322-1334.
Climate Research Branch, Meteorological Service of Canada, Downsview,
Ontario, Canada
ABSTRACT
Recent studies have shown
that, since 1900, mean annual temperature over southern Canada has
increased by an average of 0.9°C, with the largest warming during winter
and early spring. Every season was associated with greater increases in
minimum temperature as opposed to maximum, thus resulting in a
significant decrease in the daily temperature range (DTR). The second
half of the twentieth century was associated with significant winter and
spring warming in the south and west, and cooling in the northeast.
However, no significant changes in DTR
were observed during this period. This investigation goes beyond the
annual/seasonal scales by examining trends and variability in daily
minimum and maximum temperature with particular emphasis on extremes.
Using recently updated, homogenized daily data, spatial and temporal
characteristics of daily and extreme temperature-related variables are
analyzed on a seasonal basis for the periods of 1900-98 (southern
Canada), and 1950-98 (the entire country). From 1900 to 1998, the
majority of southern Canada shows significantly increasing trends to the
lower and higher percentiles of the daily minimum and maximum
temperature distribution. The findings translate into fewer days with
extreme low temperature during winter, spring, and summer and more
days with extreme high temperature during winter and spring. No
consistent trends are found for the higher percentiles of summer daily
maximum temperature, indicating little change to the number of
extreme hot summer days.
Over the southwest, increases are larger to
the left-hand side of the daily minimum and maximum temperature
distribution, resulting in significant decreases to the intraseasonal
standard deviation of daily temperature. The 1950-98 results are
somewhat different from the entire century, especially, during winter
and spring. This result includes significant increases to the low and
high percentiles over the west, and decreases over the east. This
analysis reveals that the largest individual daily temperature trends
(both minimum and maximum) occur during winter and early spring, when
substantial warming is observed.
For summer, increases are only associated
with daily minimum temperature. Autumn displays varying results,
with some late season cooling, mainly over western regions. The observed
warming trends have a substantial effect on several economically
sensitive indices. This effect includes significant increases in the
number of growing and cooling degree days and significant decreases in
heating degree days. In addition, the length of the frost-free period is
significantly longer over most of the country.
http://www.cccma.ec.gc.ca/hccd/data/temperature/temperature_documentation.shtml
Some facts to keep
in mind........
About 95 percent of the greenhouse effect
- the atmospheric warming due to the trapping of solar energy that makes
life possible on Earth - is due to water vapour, 99.999 percent of which
is of natural origin. The other 5 percent of the greenhouse effect is
due to carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other miscellaneous
gases.
Although carbon dioxide is the most dominant of these gases by volume,
comprising about 99.4 percent, the other gases trap more heat. So the
contribution of carbon dioxide to the 5 percent of the greenhouse effect
not due to water vapour is much less than 99.4 percent - it's about 72
percent.
Carbon dioxide, therefore, is responsible for roughly 3.6 percent of the
greenhouse effect (5 percent, representing the percentage of the
greenhouse effect not due to water vapour, multiplied by 72 percent,
representing the percentage of that 5 percent due to carbon dioxide).
But carbon dioxide is produced both naturally and by humans. About 97
percent of atmospheric carbon dioxide is natural, in fact. Only about 3
percent is from human activity.
That means that only about 0.11 percent of the greenhouse effect (that
is, 3 percent of 3.6 percent) is due to human releases of carbon dioxide
into the atmosphere.
Put another way, about 99.89 percent of the greenhouse effect has
nothing to do with carbon-dioxide emissions from human activity.
Factoring in the other greenhouse gases, the total human contribution to
the greenhouse effect is about 0.3 percent. In other words, about
99.7 percent of the greenhouse effect is due entirely to nature.
When you consider that the greenhouse effect contributes about 60
degrees Fahrenheit to the Earth's average temperature (which would be
about zero degrees Fahrenheit without the greenhouse effect), it doesn't
really seem like atmospheric carbon dioxide levels - even if they triple
or quadruple because of human activities - are all that important to
global climate.
If the carbon dioxide-emissions reductions called for by the Kyoto
global warming treaty were implemented, human greenhouse contributions
would be reduced by about 0.03 percent. Atmospheric physicist Fred
Singer says this would have an "imperceptible effect on future
temperatures - one-twentieth of a degree by 2050."
Harsh winter leads to courgette crisis - Feb 1/09
Britain is suffering from a shortage of courgettes because the severe winter in France and Spain has reduced supplies.
ST. PETERSBURG (RIA Novosti) - Temperatures on Earth have stabilized in the past decade, and the planet should brace itself for a new Ice Age rather than global warming, a Russian scientist said in an interview with RIA Novosti Tuesday.
"Russian and foreign research data confirm that global temperatures in 2007 were practically similar to those in 2006, and, in general, identical to 1998-2006 temperatures, which, basically, means that the Earth passed the peak of global warming in 1998-2005," said Khabibullo Abdusamatov, head of a space research lab at the Pulkovo observatory in St. Petersburg.
According to the scientist, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere has risen more than 4 percent in the past decade, but global warming has practically stopped. It confirms the theory of "solar" impact on changes in the Earth's climate, because the amount of solar energy reaching the planet has drastically decreased during the same period, the scientist said.
Had global temperatures directly responded to concentrations of "greenhouse" gases in the atmosphere, they would have risen by at least 0.1 Celsius in the past ten years, however, it never happened, he said. [read full report]
CBC - Global Warming Doomsday Called Off - Google Video - Sunday May 13, 2007
A very good unbiased documentary about the real cause of global warming. Although I think that Martin Durkin's The Great Global Warming Swindle is very informative, it is not the only documentary of its kind. In 2004, CBC (Canada) has produced a similar 45-minute-long film. It discusses many topics that are not covered in the Swindle such as the hockey stick graph, from the viewpoint of Willie Soon and Sallie Baliunas.